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El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz (Malcolm X)
"Islam, revolution and racism" by Federica Mereu Notes
- 1 - It would be more correct and
correct to remember Malcolm X with the name that was given to him during
his pilgrimage to the Mecca that marks the deepest turn of his life. As
all those people that belonged to the Nation of Islam, Malcolm Little
(from the last name of the master of enslaved Little that was imposed to
his fatherly ancestors) Malcolm X became; the unknown letter “X” it
was symbol of the forgotten African name and sooner or later you/he/she
would have been replaced with a more suitable name of African origin.
During the pilgrimage to the Mecca Malcolm X was rechristened El - Hajj
(he who you/he/she has made the pilgrimage) Malik (king) El - Shabazz
(descending of the Shabazzes, particularly strong and wise African tribe
from which is said comes down him Afro - Americans).
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- 2 - This essay is drawn by my
thesis of degree on Racism and identity in the thought of Malcolm X, 1997.
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- 3 - In the 1930 Wali D. Farad
Muhammad founded in the black ghetto in Detroit her “Lost and Found
Nation of Islam in the Wilderness of America”, the lost Islamic nation
and found again. Elijah Muhammad was his successor. Hostile to all white
ones and in conflict with the other black organizations, above all with
those integrazionistes, the Nation of the Islam was proposed as objective
principal that to found a separate nation for the blacks Americans. In the
meantime, the immediate purpose was to free them from the residues of the
mentality of slaves and to estrange them from the Christianity, the tool
of the dominion of the white race.
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- 4 - According to Essien Udom E. U. the true enemy
of the Black Muslim was not the white but the so-called one “black
imborghesito.” The struggle of class was the reaction of the black
proletariat doubly frustrated: because black and because poor. For this,
according to Lanternari, the Black Muslim, assumed an unique position, of
radical breakup with the whole society of the whites [cfr. Lanternari
Occidente and Third World].
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- 5 - “Al-Jihàd”, the
declared holy war in name of Allah against the oppressors and the enemies
of the Isalm, every time that the existence, the peace and the safety of
the community it is invoked you/they are threatened; the Moslems have then
the right-duty of the legitimate defense. The war has only defensive
character and you/he/she must have conducted without cruelty. “Al-Jihàd”,
that can be conducted also in way I don't violate, it is not, expressly, a
fundamental principle of the Islam, nevertheless it is a duty of every
Moslem to also defend Islam with the death. Allah guarantees the Heaven to
the mujahidins that die for defending Islam [The Koran 1996:582-583]. The
Moslems distinguish two types of gihad: the great one “jihad”, the war
against the enemy inside, the weakness of the mind and the deplorable
customs and the “small jihad”, the war against the enemy outside,
against the cruel one and the infidel.
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- 6 -
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- 7 - In the 1995
anthropologists, biologists and geneticists you/they have signed a
manifesto in which you/they sustain that the concept of race is not
scientific and every attempt of classification is deceptive in base to it,
because the differences among the human beings are alone superficial. The
taking of position of the experts has been transmitted to the Nations
United with the invitation to adjourn the documents in which the concept
of race is mentioned. The purpose of these studies is to furnish the
scientific base to disprove one of the prejudices more dannoris of every
time, the racism.
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